A peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA, studied in metabolic signalling.
MOTS-c is unusual among research peptides because it is encoded in the mitochondrial genome rather than in the nuclear DNA that encodes most proteins.
MOTS-c ("mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c") is a 16-amino-acid peptide first described in 2015 by a research group led by Pinchas Cohen. It belongs to a small class of mitochondria-derived peptides.
Published work examines how MOTS-c interacts with AMPK, a central cellular energy sensor, and how it relates to glucose and lipid handling in animal models.
Researchers have also measured how MOTS-c levels change with exercise and age, which is why it appears in longevity-related studies.
The discovery of mitochondria-derived peptides suggested that mitochondria send signals to the rest of the cell, not only produce energy. See also the longevity compound overview.
All of the above is research context from laboratory models. MOTS-c is supplied for research use only and is not a treatment.
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